Daily Chumash & Rashi Parshas Vayikra – Chamishi: The Chatas sin offering of a Kohen Moshiach (Thursday, 1st Nissan)

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Chamishi

  1. The Chatas sin offering of a Kohen Moshiach:
  • Hashem spoke to Moshe saying that he should tell the Jewish people the following laws relating to a sin offering that is brought if a soul unintentionally sins and transgresses one of the commands that Hashem prohibited.
  • The sin offering of a Kohen Moshaich: If the anointed Kohen sins, he is to bring a young bull which is unblemished as a Chatas offering for Hashem. The bull is to be brought to the entrance of the Ohel Moed and he is to rest his hands on the head of the bull and sacrifice it before Hashem.
  • Offering the blood: The Kohen is to dip his finger in the blood and sprinkle it seven times before Hashem, onto the face of the Paroches. The Kohen is to take from the blood and place it on the corners of the altar used for the incense. The remaining blood is to be spilled on the base of the altar that is outside the Ohel Moed. 
  • Offering the animal: All the fat that covers the innards is to be offered. The two kidneys and the fat that is on them, and the diaphragm on the liver and kidneys is to be offered on the Olah altar. The skin of the bull and its meat, head, feet, innards and waste is to be taken outside of the camp to a pure place where the ashes are poured, and is to be burnt there using wood.

  1. The Chatas sin offering of the congregation/Sanhedrin:
  • If the entire Jewish people accidentally sin, then the congregation is to offer a young bull as a Chatas offering for Hashem. The bull is to be brought to the entrance of the Ohel Moed. The elders of the congregation are to rest their hands on the head of the bull and slaughter it before Hashem.
  • Offering the blood: The Kohen Hamoshiach is to bring the blood to the Ohel Moed and dip his finger in the blood and sprinkle it seven times before Hashem, onto the face of the Paroches. The Kohen is to take from the blood and place it on the corners of the altar used for the incense. The remaining blood is to be spilled on the base of the altar that is outside the Ohel Moed.
  • Offering the animal: All of its fat is to be offered to the altar. Everything that is done to the offering of the Kohen Moshaich is likewise to be done to this offering. Doing so will bring atonement and Hashem will forgive them. The bull is to be removed to outside the camp and be burnt just as described by the previous offering.
  1. The Chatas sin offering of a Nassi:
  • If a leader accidentally sins, he is to bring a male goat which is unblemished as a Chatas offering for Hashem. He is to rest his hands on the head of the goat and sacrifice it before Hashem in the same area as the Olah offering.
  • Offering the blood: The Kohen is to take from the blood and place it on the corners of the altar used for the incense. The remaining blood is to be spilled on the base of the Ohel altar.
  • Offering the animal: All of its fat is to be offered to the altar. Doing so will bring atonement and Hashem will forgive him.

📘 Rashi Q&A — Vayikra 4

 

4:2 — Unintentional Sin

Q1. For what type of sin is a sin‑offering brought?

A: For an act that, if done intentionally, incurs excision (karet) and involves violating a negative commandment, but was done unintentionally.

 

Q2. What does “מֵאַחַת מֵהֵנָּה” teach?

A: Even part of a prohibition counts, such as writing two letters on Shabbat from a longer word.

4:3 — The Anointed Priest

Q3. What does “לְאַשְׁמַת הָעָם” mean according to the Midrash?

A: The anointed priest is liable only when there is an erroneous ruling together with an unintentional act, like the community’s case.

 

Q4. What is the straightforward explanation of “לְאַשְׁמַת הָעָם”?

A: When the High Priest sins, it increases the guilt of the people, because they depend on him for atonement.

 

Q5. What kind of bull must the anointed priest bring?

A: A bull in its third year—not old and not too young.

 

 

4:5–7 — Blood Inside the Sanctuary

Q6. Where is the blood brought?

A: Into the Tent of Meeting, and later, in Temple times, into the Temple building.

 

Q7. Where is the blood dashed seven times?

A: Toward the holy part of the Curtain, opposite the space between the Ark’s poles.

 

Q8. Was the blood meant to touch the Curtain?

A: No, but if it did, it was acceptable.

 

Q9. Where is the remaining blood poured?

A: Onto the base of the Outer Altar, on the side facing the entrance.

 

4:8–9 — Removing the Fats

Q10. Why does the verse say “כָּל־חֵלֶב פַּר”?

A: To include the bull of Yom Kippur in the requirement to burn kidneys, fats, and diaphragm.

 

Q11. Why is “הַחַטָּאת” added?

A: To include the goat sin‑offerings for idolatry in these requirements.

 

 

Q12. What does “יָרִים מִמֶּנּוּ” teach?

A: The fats are removed while still attached, before cutting the animal into pieces.

 

4:10 — Comparison to the Peace‑Offering

Q13. What is learned from comparing this to a peace‑offering?

A:

  • It must be brought with proper intent
  • It brings peace to the world

 

Q14. Why is this comparison needed in Tractate Zevachim?

A: To teach that one law cannot be derived from something itself derived elsewhere.

 

4:11–12 — Burning Outside the Camp

Q15. What does “אֶל־מָקוֹם טָהוֹר” teach?

A: The burning place must be ritually undefiled, not near impurity sites.

 

Q16. What does “מִחוּץ לַמַּחֲנֶה” mean?

A: Outside all three camps; later, outside Jerusalem.

 

Q17. What is “שֶׁפֶךְ הַדֶּשֶׁן”?

A: The place where ashes from the Altar are deposited.

 

Q18. Why does it say it is burned there even without ashes?

A: To teach that ashes are not required for that location to be valid.

 

4:13 — The Sanhedrin’s Error

Q19. What is “עֲדַת יִשְׂרָאֵל”?

A: The Sanhedrin, the supreme court.

 

Q20. What does “וְנֶעְלַם דָּבָר” mean?

A: They issued an erroneous ruling permitting a sin punishable by excision.

 

Q21. What does “הַקָּהָל וְעָשׂוּ” teach?

A: The people acted relying on the court’s ruling.

 

4:17 — “Toward the Curtain”

Q22. Why does it say only “פְּנֵי הַפָּרֹכֶת” here and not “the holy Curtain”?

A: When the entire community sins, the holiness is diminished, unlike when only the High Priest sins.

 

4:18 — Blood on the Outer Altar

Q23. Which side of the Altar’s base receives the blood?

A: The west side, facing the entrance.

 

 

 

4:19–20 — Burning the Fats

Q24. Why are the kidneys and diaphragm not mentioned explicitly here?

A: Out of affection, the Torah shortens the description when speaking of the community.

 

Q25. What does “כַּאֲשֶׁר עָשָׂה לְפַר הַחַטָּאת” teach?

A:

  • To include the kidneys and diaphragm
  • To teach that every blood application is essential

 

4:21 — Burning Like the First Bull

Q26. What does “כַּאֲשֶׁר שָׂרַף אֶת־הַפָּר הָרִאשׁוֹן” teach?

A: The community’s bull is burned outside the camp, just like the High Priest’s bull.

 

4:22 — The Leader (Nasi)

Q27. Why is the word “אֲשֶׁר” used here?

A: Related to אַשְׁרֵי — praised is the generation whose leader seeks atonement.

 

4:23 — Awareness of Sin

Q28. What does “אוֹ־הוֹדַע” mean?

A: If it became known to him afterward that the act was forbidden.

 

4:24 — Slaughter of the Leader’s Offering

Q29. Where is the leader’s offering slaughtered?

A: On the north side of the Altar, like an ascent‑offering.

 

Q30. What does “חַטָּאת הוּא” teach?

A: If slaughtered with proper intent, it is valid; otherwise, invalid.

 

4:25–26 — Blood and Fat

Q31. Where is the leader’s blood applied?

A: On the horns of the Outer Altar, with the remainder poured on the base.

 

Q32. What does “כְּחֵלֶב זֶבַח הַשְּׁלָמִים” mean?

A: The same designated fats as those of the peace‑offering goat..

📜Daily Chumash & Rashi Parshas Tzav – Rishon: Terumas Hadeshen and the Mincha offering (Sunday 4th nissan)

March 22, 2026 No Comments

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Rabbi Yaakov Goldstein is a 6th generation descendent of the famous Chief Rabbi of Izhmir, Rav Yehoshua Avraham Krispin, who authored a number of Sefarim, and was a colleague of Rav Chaim Falagi, and father in-law of the Pesach Hadvir. He currently lives with his wife Shayna, and twelve children K”H, in Tzfas, Israel. Rabbi Goldstein received Semicha from Rabbi Schneur Zalman Labkowski of the Tomchei Temimim headquarters in 2005 and served as a chaplain in the Lotar/Kalatz and K9 unit of the IDF from years 2005-2008. He is also a certified Shochet, and has performed Hashgacha work in slaughterhouses. Rabbi Goldstein is the director of Shulchanaruchharav.com, the world’s leading web-based Halacha database, and is the director of the Home Study Semicha Program, a self-study web-based Semicha program. He is a prolific author of over 50 Sefarim studied by a wide range of readers throughout the world, which is used regularly in Semicha programs around the globe. He is a world renowned Posek, answering questions to a web-based market, and serves as a local Posek, Rav, and Lecturer, in the Tzemach Tzedek community Shul in Tzefas, Israel. His many classes can be heard both from his website, Vimeo and YouTube channel. Students can join live to classes given in the Tzemach Tzedek Shul, through the “בית חבד צפת Chabad Tsfat” YouTube channel.

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