Shushan Purim

Shushan Purim:

Increasing in festivities in un-walled cities:[1] One is obligated to slightly[2] increase in joy and festivities on Shushan Purim [during the day[3]], and so is the custom.[4] [However, on the night of the 15th, there is no need, for those who celebrated Purim on the 14th, to increase in festivities.[5] Nevertheless, many have the custom to do so.[6] Many scrupulous Jews increase in festivities and festive meals on the day of Shushan Purim even more than on Purim itself.[7]]

Tachanun:[8] Tachanun is omitted on the 15th in all cities. [Some are accustomed to omit Tachanun from the 11th until the 17th of Adar.[9] Some also omit Tachanun from the 23rd of Adar until the end of the month.[10] This is not the Chabad custom.]

Keil Erech Apayim:[11] The prayer of Keil Erech Apayim is omitted on Shushan Purim.

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[1] Rama 695/2

[2] So writes Rama ibid. However, see Minchas Elazar brought in the footnotes below that one is to increase in festive meals on the 15^th just like as on the 14^th and even more so.

[3] Shaar Hatziyon 695/4; The Nimukei Orach Chaim 696/1 explains one does not fulfill the law written in the Rama ibid on the night of the 15^th, as one who does the meal at night does not fulfill his obligation. See also Poskim in coming footnotes

[4] The reason: As the verse states “on these two days”, hence one must rejoice on both the 14^th and 15^th. [Darkei Moshe 695/4]

[5] Shaar Hatziyon 695/4; See Nimukei Orach Chaim ibid

[6] Levush 695 brought in Kaf Hachaim 695/28; Minchas Elazar 2/5; Nimukeiy Orach Chaim 696/1; Mishmeres Shalom 50/5

The Mishmeres Shalom ibid writes that the Tzaddikim would have a second meal on Motzei Purim [night of the 15th] and that such a meal has great mystical meaning. The Nimukei Orach Chaim ibid however explains that this meal does not fulfill the law written in the Rama ibid to increase in festivities on the 15^th, as one who does the meal at night does not fulfill his obligation. [695/1]

[7] Minchas Elazar ibid; See Shulchan Menachem 3/329 that one must especially increase in joy when Shushan Purim falls on Shabbos; see Otzer Minhagei Chabad 229 that the Rebbe stated on certain occasions that the Mitzvah of Ad Delo Yada applies likewise on Shushan Purim, and one can do a Hashlama for it on the Shabbos after Purim.

Background:

The Minchas Elazar explains that in the source of the Rama’s ruling in the Sefer “Minhagim” it states that one is obligated in festivities on both the 14^th and 15^th, and does not make a differentiation between the 14^th and 15^th. Hence, the obligation of Simcha and festive meals applies equally to both the 14^th and 15^th. He brings many proofs for this matter [and hence negates the Rama’s opinion of only increasing “slightly”]. Now, since on the 14^th, people are very busy with the other Mitzvos of Purim there is not much time for them to properly fulfill the Mitzvah of Simcha and Mishteh. This is hence mainly fulfilled on the 15^th, when there are no other extra Mitzvos that one must perform. See Shulchan Menachem ibid that the Rebbe states that this is the opinion of the Sheilasos and Bahag that one must rejoice on both days, although it is not brought down in Shulchan Aruch.

[8] Siddur; See also 696/3 that fasting and eulogies are forbidden on both days.

[9] See Piskeiy Teshuvos 688/19; Darkei chaim Veshalom 191; Shulchan Hatahos Komrana 131/28; Mishmeres Shalom end of Sefer; Taamei Haminhagim 878; Kochav Meyaakov Yerushalmi Megillah 1/4

[10] Darkei Chaim Veshalom 191

[11] Siddur Admur; Levush 697; P”M 697 A”A 1; M”B 697/2