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Donate- Question: [Sunday 10th Elul, 5780]
May one use a sink-built water filter on Shabbos?
Answer:
Practically, if there is no actual seeable sediments/dirt/etc in the water that is being filtered out, then you may use the filter on Shabbos. The Issur is only if there is a substance apparent to the naked eye which is being filtered out, and you, or most people, would never drink the water without it being filtered. Nonetheless, some are stringent not to use a filter on Shabbos, although the widespread custom is to be lenient as stated above.
Sources: Admur 319:13; Rama 319:10; Piskeiy Teshuvos 319:34; Shabbos Kehalacha Vol. 2 P. 346-347; Shabbos Kehalacha p. 361 based on ruling of Rav SZ”A 3 footnote 163 regarding Pesach cloth of which the allowance to use it is due to that one is not certain that it contains Chameitz, and Minchas Yitzchak 7:23, Ketzos Hashulchan 125 footnote 37 and others that by waste which is only questionable if contained within the liquid, the separating prohibition does not apply. So is also implied from the Lashon of the Peri Megadim which is the source for the stringency which mentions “water that has small twigs” in his case of a particular type of person; Poskim brought in Orchos Shabbos, mentioned in Shabbos Kehalacha ibid footnote 52; See here for the full details of this subject: https://shulchanaruchharav.com/halacha/filtering-liquids-with-a-filterstrainer/
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