📜Daily Chumash & Rashi Vayikra – Shishi: The Chatas sin offering of an individual (Friday, 2nd Nissan)

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Shishi

  1. The goat Chatas sin offering of an individual:
  • If an individual accidentally sins, he is to bring a female goat which is unblemished as a Chatas offering for Hashem. He is to rest his hands on the head of the goat and sacrifice it before Hashem in the same area as the Olah offering.
  • Offering the blood: The Kohen is to take from the blood and place it on the corners of the altar used for the incense. The remaining blood is to be spilled on the base of the Ohel altar.
  • Offering the animal: All its fat is to be offered to the altar. Doing so will bring atonement and Hashem will forgive him.

  1. The sheep Chatas sin offering of an individual:
    • If an individual accidentally sins, and he bring a female sheep which is unblemished as a Chatas offering for Hashem. He is to rest his hands on the head of the goat and sacrifice it before Hashem in the same area as the Olah offering.
    • Offering the blood: The Kohen is to take from the blood and place it on the corners of the altar used for the incense. The remaining blood is to be spilled on the base of the Ohel altar.
    • Offering the animal: All its fat is to be offered to the altar. Doing so will bring atonement and Hashem will forgive him.

  1. The Karban Olah Veyoreid for specified sins:
    • Anyone who has transgressed the following sins is responsible to bring a Chatas offering:
      • Swearing falsely: If an individual sins, by swearing falsely, swearing that he does not have testimony of something that he witnessed, then he will bear his sin.
      • Impurity: Likewise, an individual who touches an impure item or a Niveila and he became impure, and he forgot of his impurity and sinned [through entering the Temple or eating Kodshim].
      • Vow: An individual who made a vow and forgot and transgressed it.
    • The animal offering: Anyone who is guilty of the above is to confess his sin and bring his guilt offering before Hashem. It is to be a female sheep or goat, and the Kohen is to atone for him.
    • If he is poor-the bird offering: If one cannot afford to bring an animal, then he is to bring two turtledoves or two young doves to the Kohen. The first is to be offered as a Chatas and have Melika performed on its head, by its neck area, although it is not to be beheaded. The blood of the Chatas is to be sprayed on the wall of the altar, and the remaining blood is to be poured on the base of the altar. The second bird is to be offered as an Olah.

Offering Type

Animal/Bird

Condition

Actions

Blood Placement

Fat Offering

Atonement

Chatas sin offering

Female goat, unblemished

Individual accidentally sins

Rest hands on head, sacrifice before Hashem

Kohen places blood on altar corners for incense; remaining blood spilled on Ohel altar base

All fat offered to altar

Hashem will forgive him

Chatas sin offering

Female sheep, unblemished

Individual accidentally sins

Rest hands on head, sacrifice before Hashem

Kohen places blood on altar corners for incense; remaining blood spilled on Ohel altar base

All fat offered to altar

Hashem will forgive him

Karban Olah Veyoreid

Female sheep or goat

Swearing falsely, impurity, vow transgression

Confess sin, bring guilt offering

Kohen atones for him

Not specified

Kohen atones for him

Karban Olah Veyoreid (poor)

Two turtledoves or two young doves

Cannot afford animal

First bird as Chatas, Melika on head by neck (not beheaded); second bird as Olah

Blood of Chatas sprayed on altar wall; remaining blood poured on altar base

Not specified

Not specified

📘 Rashi Q&A — Vayikra 4:27–35

 

4:27 — The Individual (Common Person)

Q1. Who is meant by “עַם הָאָרֶץ”?

A: An ordinary individual, not a priest, leader, or court.

 

4:28 — The Goat Sin‑Offering

Q2. What offering must the individual bring when his sin becomes known?

A: An unblemished female goat.

 

4:29 — Leaning and Slaughter

Q3. Where is the individual sin‑offering slaughtered?

A: In the place where the ascent‑offering is slaughtered, i.e., the north side of the Altar.

 

4:30 — Blood Application

Q4. Where is the blood placed?

A: On the four protrusions (horns) of the Outer Altar.

 

Q5. Where is the remaining blood poured?

A: Onto the base of the Outer Altar.

 

4:31 — Burning the Fat

Q6. What does “כַּאֲשֶׁר הוּסַר חֵלֶב מֵעַל זֶבַח הַשְּׁלָמִים” mean?

A: The fat is removed like the designated fats of a goat peace‑offering.

 

4:32 — Sheep Sin‑Offering

Q7. If the individual brings a sheep, what must it be?

A: An unblemished female sheep.

 

4:33 — Intent of Slaughter

Q8. What does “וְשָׁחַט אֹתָהּ לְחַטָּאת” teach?

A: The slaughter must be performed with intent that it be a sin‑offering.

 

4:34 — Blood of the Sheep

Q9. Is the blood procedure the same as for the goat?

A: Yes — on the horns, with the remainder poured at the base.

4:35 — The Sheep’s Fat

Q10. What does “כַּאֲשֶׁר יוּסַר חֵלֶב הַכֶּשֶׂב” add?

A: Since a sheep has a tail, the tail is also burned with the other designated fats.

 

Q11. What does “עַל אִשֵּׁי ה‘” mean?

A: Upon the fires made for God; i.e., the Altar pyres.

 

📘 Rashi Q&A — Vayikra 5:1–10

 

5:1 — Withholding Testimony

Q12. What does “וְשָׁמְעָה קוֹל אָלָה” refer to?

A: A case where a person heard an oath administered to him as a witness to testify.

 

Q13. When is he liable?

A: When he knows testimony, was adjured to testify, and withholds it.

 

5:2 — Ritual Defilement by Carcass

Q14. What case is described in verse 2?

A: One who became ritually defiled by touching an impure carcass and then ate consecrated food or entered the Sanctuary unknowingly.

 

Q15. For what action does he incur guilt?

A: For eating sacred food or entering the Sanctuary while defiled.

 

5:3 — Human Defilement

Q16. What does “בְּטֻמְאַת אָדָם” mean?

A: Ritual defilement from a corpse.

 

Q17. What is included by “לְכֹל טֻמְאָתוֹ”?

A: Defilement from men or women with abnormal discharges.

 

Q18. What is included by “אֲשֶׁר יִטְמָא”?

A: One who touches a man who had relations with a menstruant.

 

Q19. What is included by the word “בָּהּ”?

A: Defilement from swallowing an unslaughtered kosher bird.

 

5:4 — Oaths of Utterance

Q20. What does “בִּשְׂפָתַיִם” teach?

A: Liability applies only to an oath spoken with the lips, not merely thought.

Q21. What does “לְהָרַע אוֹ לְהֵיטִיב” refer to?

A: Oaths to harm or benefit oneself, e.g., “I will eat” or “I will not eat.”

 

Q22. What does “לְכֹל אֲשֶׁר יְבַטֵּא” include?

A: Oaths about the past, not only future actions.

 

Q23. What does “וְנֶעְלַם מִמֶּנּוּ” mean here?

A: He forgot the oath and violated it.

 

Q24. What offering is brought for these cases?

A: An offering of varying value, according to one’s means.

 

5:5 — Confession

Q25. What must one do upon incurring guilt?

A: Confess verbally the sin he committed.

 

5:6 — Standard Sin‑Offering

Q26. What offering is brought if he can afford it?

A: A female sheep or goat as a sin‑offering.

 

5:7 — Birds for the Poor

Q27. What does one bring if he cannot afford livestock?

A: Two birds — either turtledoves or young pigeons.

 

Q28. How are they designated?

A: One for a sin‑offering, one for an ascent‑offering.

 

5:8 — Order of Offerings

Q29. Which bird is offered first?

A: The sin‑offering.

 

Q30. What principle is learned from this order?

A: A sin‑offering always precedes an ascent‑offering.

 

Q31. How is the head treated?

A: It is nipped, but not completely severed.

 

5:9 — Blood of the Bird Sin‑Offering

Q32. What is required for the blood of a bird sin‑offering?

A: Both dashing and pressing out the blood.

Q33. How is the dashing performed?

A: The blood spurts from the neck and reaches the Altar.

 

Q34. What does “חַטָּאת הוּא” teach?

A: Proper intent is required; otherwise the offering is invalid.

 

5:10 — The Second Bird

Q35. How is the second bird offered?

A: As an ascent‑offering, according to its prescribed law.

 

Q36. What is the result of completing both offerings?

A: The priest aton es for him, and he is forgiven.

📜Daily Chumash & Rashi Parshas Tzav – Rishon: Terumas Hadeshen and the Mincha offering (Sunday 4th nissan)

March 22, 2026 No Comments

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Rabbi Yaakov Goldstein is a 6th generation descendent of the famous Chief Rabbi of Izhmir, Rav Yehoshua Avraham Krispin, who authored a number of Sefarim, and was a colleague of Rav Chaim Falagi, and father in-law of the Pesach Hadvir. He currently lives with his wife Shayna, and twelve children K”H, in Tzfas, Israel. Rabbi Goldstein received Semicha from Rabbi Schneur Zalman Labkowski of the Tomchei Temimim headquarters in 2005 and served as a chaplain in the Lotar/Kalatz and K9 unit of the IDF from years 2005-2008. He is also a certified Shochet, and has performed Hashgacha work in slaughterhouses. Rabbi Goldstein is the director of Shulchanaruchharav.com, the world’s leading web-based Halacha database, and is the director of the Home Study Semicha Program, a self-study web-based Semicha program. He is a prolific author of over 50 Sefarim studied by a wide range of readers throughout the world, which is used regularly in Semicha programs around the globe. He is a world renowned Posek, answering questions to a web-based market, and serves as a local Posek, Rav, and Lecturer, in the Tzemach Tzedek community Shul in Tzefas, Israel. His many classes can be heard both from his website, Vimeo and YouTube channel. Students can join live to classes given in the Tzemach Tzedek Shul, through the “בית חבד צפת Chabad Tsfat” YouTube channel.

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