May a parent serve a child:[1]
If a father desires to serve his son, it is permitted for the son to accept the service.[2] [Thus, if a father or mother desires to serve a meal to their son, they may do so, and the son does not have to protest this. It is due to this that the world is accustomed to permit one’s parents to bring them food and clothing as the parents forgive their honor in this matter and desire to provide their children.[3] However, every child is to be sensitive and conscious to this matter so that the parent does not do more than they really wish to do and are doing so out of force or lack of choice.[4] Thus, it is proper for a child to offer to take over his parent in the chores that they do on one’s behalf, in order to properly mediate this matter.]
If the father is a Ben Torah:[5] If the father is a Ben Torah, then he may not serve his son [and the son is to refuse the service even if his father presses him to accept it[6]].[7] [This applies even if the father is not a Torah scholar but merely a Ben Torah.[8] Accordingly, in most religious homes today that the father is a Ben Torah, the children should refuse to accept the service of their father, and hence rather than ask their father to prepare them a drink they are to do so themselves. However, some Poskim[9] imply that this only applies if the father is the teacher of the son in Torah. Furthermore, some Poskim[10] rule that if the father desires very much to serve his son, then he may be allowed to do so. However, other Poskim[11] rule that even in such a case the child is to refuse to accept the service from his father and is to insist on doing it himself. Practically, one may be lenient like the first opinion regarding those matters that do not take too much effort and trouble on the part of the father to perform, and it is the way of the world for a father to do on behalf of his children.[12]]
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May a child ask from his parent to serve him, such as to serve bring him a cup of water and the like?[13] The above allowance for a child to accept a service from his parent is specifically if the parent chooses to do so on his own initiative. It however remains forbidden for the child to request from his parent to serve him or do an errand on his behalf, as doing so is considered an act of Chutzpa.[14] This is with exception to those cases in which the son assesses that the parent would be more than happy for the request to have been made, in which case the son may make the request of his parent.[15] Even in those cases that it is permitted for one to make the request from his parent, it should only be said in a most honorable manner, and in private not in front of others so people do not get the impression that one is make his father his servant. Even in those cases of prohibition, it is permitted for the child to hint the matter to his parent, or ask his parent in a way that does not sound like a command or instruction but rather simply as an inquiry if the parent is open for the request.[16] This, however, should be limited only to those matters which is common for a parent to perform on behalf of his child. |
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[1] See Michaber 240:25; Pesakim Uteshuvos 240:63; Encyclopedia Talmudit Erech Kibud Av Vaeim Vol. 26 p. 427
[2] Michaber ibid; Kiddushin 31b “Rebbe Yaakov Bar Avahu asked Abayey as to what he is to do being that as soon as he arrives home his father offers him a cup of wine and his mother pours for him a cup of water. Abayey answered that while he may allow his mother to do so he may not allow his father to do so being that his father is a Ben Torah he will become weakened.”; Yerushalmi Kiddushin 1:7, brought in Tosafus Kiddushin 31b and Meiri ibid and Ran and Nimukei Yosef ibid, regarding the mother of Rebbe Yishmael who desired to wash the feet of her son upon his return from the hall of study and then drink the water, he refused to let her do so and was then instructed by the sages to allow her to do so as her wishes are her honor [See Encyclopedia Talmudit ibid footnotes 754 for different Girsaos of this Yerushalmi in Rishonim]; Tosafus Riy Hazakein Kiddushin 31b; Meiri 31a-b and 32a [regarding mother]; Piskei Riaz Kiddushin 1:8-15 [regarding mother]; Sefer Chassidim 152; Rabbeinu Yerucham Nesivei Adam 4, brought in Beis Yosef 240; Sefer Hayirah 198; Pesakim Uteshuvos 240:63; Encyclopedia Talmudit Erech Kibud Av Vaeim Vol. 26 p. 427
The reason: As a father who forgives his honor, his honor is forgiven, and since he wants to serve his son and this is his wish, then this itself is his honor. [Tosafus Riy Hazakein ibid; Riaz ibid; Sefer Hayirah ibid; Sefer Chassidim ibid; Poskim ibid]
[3] Meiah Shearim 39; Encyclopedia Talmudit ibid
[4] Meiri ibid; Meiah Shearim ibid; See Hamkaneh Kiddushin 31b; Torah Lishma 275; Encyclopedia Talmudit ibid footnote 764
[5] Michaber ibid; Kiddushin 31b regarding story of Rebbe Yaakov Bar Avahu whose parents wanted to serve him and he was told by Abayey that while he may allow his mother to do so he may not allow his father to do so being that his father is a Ben Torah; Chayeh Adam 66:26; See Meiri ibid and Riaz ibid that he should only accept service from his mother and not father; Omitted From Tur and Rambam and Rosh, Vetzaruch Iyun; See Encyclopedia Talmudit ibid footnote 758
[6] Peri Chadash 240:28; Birkeiy Yosef 240:25
[7] The reason: As this can cause the father to feel feelings of weakness [i.e., not forgive his honor with a full heart]. [Kiddushin ibid; Rameh ibid; Poskim ibid]
[8] See Ran ibid
[9] Maharsha Kiddushin ibid
[10] Ran and Nimukei Yosef on Kiddushin ibid based on Yerushalmi ibid; Encyclopedia Talmudit ibid footnote 762
[11] Peri Chadash Likkutim 240, brought in Birkeiy Yosef 240:25; Orchos Rabbeinu 3:109; Maaseh Ish 6:150
[12] Torah Lishma 275; Shraga Hameir 4:26; Chut Shani 240; Pesakim Uteshuvos ibid
[13] Pesakim Uteshuvos ibid
[14] Torah Lishma 268; Kiddushin 45b; Chut Shani 240:27; See Shut Rebbe Eliyahu Mizrachi 19; Pesakim Uteshuvos ibid footnote 537
[15] Sefer Chassidim 562
[16] See Maharsham 3:352-11; Morah Horim Ukevodam 3:33 in name of Rav Bentzion Aba haul; Sefer Ben Chacham 104 in name of Rav Elyashiv
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