📜Daily Chumash & Rashi Parshas Tzav – Shelishi: The Karban Shelamim (Tuesday, 6th Nissan)

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  1. The laws of the Shlamim, Toda:
  • The following is the law of the Shelamim:
  • The Todah and its breads: If a Todah Shelamim offering is brought, it is to have [four types of breads, three which are] Matzah breads offered with it. The breads are to be mixed with oil [type #1], and contain Matzah crackers which are smeared with oil [type #2], and fine broiled flour which is mixed with oil [type #3]. In addition, Chametz bread is also to be brought with the Karban. [type #4]
  • Distributing the breads and eating the meat: One loaf of each of the breads of the Todah offering are to be donated to Hashem and given to the Kohen who throws the blood of the Shelamim. The meat of the Toda is to be eaten that day and is not to remain until morning.
  1. The laws of Nosar, Pigul, Tuma:
  • Neder and Nedava-Nosar: If one donates a Shelamim offering, it may be eaten that day and the next day, however any leftovers may not be eaten. The leftovers [i.e. Nosar] of the third day are to be burnt in a fire.
  • Pigul: If the meat is [intended] to be eaten on the third day, the sacrifice is invalid for the person who brought it, as it is considered Pigul [distanced]. One who eats it is liable [for punishment].
  • Impure meat: If the meat becomes impure, it may not be eaten and is to be burnt in the fire.
  • Impure person: The meat of the Karban may only be eaten by a person who is pure. One who eats the meat while he is in a state of impurity, receives the penalty of Kareis. A person who touches anything that is impure due to man [i.e. Tumas Meis] or animal [i.e. Niveila] is considered impure.
  1. The laws of Cheilev/forbidden fats:
  • The Cheilev of an ox, sheep or goat may not be eaten. The Cheilev of a Niveila or Treifa may be used for all ones needs, although may not be eaten. Whoever eats the forbidden fats of a Karban [or Chulin, non-Karban, animal] receives the penalty of Kareis.
  1. The law of blood:
  • One may not eat any blood of a bird or animal in any of the encampments. One who eats any of the blood receives the penalty of Kareis.
  1. Offering the Shelamim:
    • The waving: The Shelamim is to have its fat rest on its breast and be waved before Hashem.
    • The Kohen is to offer the fat on the altar.
    • The presents to the Kohen: The breast is distributed to the Kohanim [to eat]. The right leg is to be given as a present to the Kohen. It is given to the Kohen who offers the blood and Cheilev of the sacrifice. This is an eternal gift to the priests from Hashem.
    • The above is the laws of all the Karbanos of the Olah, Mincha, Chatas, Asham, and Shlamim which Hashem commanded Moshe on Har Sinai, and the Jewish people were told to offer in the desert of Sinai.

Law/Section

Details

Shelamim, Toda

Todah Shelamim offering: Four types of breads (three Matzah types with oil, crackers smeared with oil, fine broiled flour with oil, and Chametz bread); One loaf of each bread donated to Hashem and given to Kohen; Meat eaten that day, not to remain until morning

Nosar, Pigul, Tuma

Shelamim eaten that day and next; leftovers (Nosar) of third day burnt; If intended to be eaten third day, sacrifice is Pigul; one who eats Pigul is liable; Impure meat not eaten, burnt; Only pure persons eat Karban meat; Impure person eating receives Kareis; Touching impurity by man or animal makes one impure

Cheilev/Forbidden fats

Cheilev of ox, sheep, goat may not be eaten; Cheilev of Niveila or Treifa may be used but not eaten; Eating forbidden fats of Karban or Chulin receives Kareis

Law of blood

No eating blood of bird or animal in any encampment; Eating blood receives Kareis

Offering the Shelamim

Fat rests on breast and waved before Hashem; Kohen offers fat on altar; Breast given to Kohanim; Right leg given as present to Kohen who offers blood and Cheilev; Eternal gift to priests from Hashem

General Karbanos Law

Laws apply to Olah, Mincha, Chatas, Asham, and Shlamim as commanded to Moshe on Har Sinai and to be offered in desert of Sinai

📘 Rashi Q&A — Vayikra 7:11–38

 

7:11–12 — Thanksgiving Peace‑Offering (Todah)

Q1. What does Rashi explain is meant by a thanksgiving peace‑offering?

A: An offering brought in gratitude for a miracle, such as surviving a sea voyage, desert travel, imprisonment, or serious illness.

 

Q2. What verse does Rashi cite as the source for bringing a thanksgiving offering?

A: “They will offer sacrifices of thanksgiving.”

 

Q3. What special requirement applies if the peace‑offering is a thanksgiving offering?

A: It must be brought with bread and eaten for only one day and one night.

 

Q4. How many types of bread accompany the thanksgiving offering according to Rashi?

A: Four types.

 

Q5. What are the four types of bread?

A:

  • Unleavened loaves
  • Unleavened flat cakes
  • Scalded loaves (matzah)
  • Leavened loaves

 

Q6. How many loaves are brought of each type?

A: Ten of each type.

 

Q7. What is the total number of loaves brought?

A: Forty loaves.

 

Q8. What does “מֻרְבֶּכֶת” mean according to Rashi?

A: Scalded in boiling water.

 

7:13 — Sanctity of the Bread

Q9. At what point does the bread of the thanksgiving offering become sanctified?

A: Only after the animal is slaughtered.

 

Q10. What does this teach regarding the status of the bread beforehand?

A: Before slaughter, it can become disqualified and cannot be redeemed.

 

7:14 — Portions Given to the Priest

Q11. What does “אֶחָד מִכָּל־קָרְבָּן” mean?

A: One loaf from each of the four types is given to the priest.

 

Q12. Which priest receives the bread contribution?

A: The priest fit to perform the service of the offering.

 

Q13. Who eats the remaining bread?

A: The owner of the offering.

 

Q14. How is the thanksgiving offering treated regarding priestly portions of meat?

A: Like other peace‑offerings: the breast and right hind midleg go to the priests.

 

7:15 — Time Limit for Eating the Thanksgiving Offering

Q15. How long may the thanksgiving offering be eaten?

A: One day and one night.

 

Q16. What additional offerings does Rashi include in this one‑day limit?

A:

  • Sin‑offering
  • Guilt‑offering
  • Nazirite’s ram
  • Festival offering of 14 Nisan

 

Q17. Why did the Sages limit eating until midnight if the Torah allows all night?

A: To distance a person from sin.

 

7:16 — Vow or Voluntary Peace‑Offering

Q18. How does a vow or voluntary peace‑offering differ from a thanksgiving offering?

A: It does not require bread and may be eaten for two days.

 

Q19. What does the extra “ו” in “וְהַנּוֹתָר” teach according to Rashi?

A: It is superfluous, like many extra conjunctions in Scripture.

 

7:17–18 — Eating on the Third Day

Q20. What must be done with meat left to the third day?

A: It must be burned.

 

Q21. When does the offering become invalid according to Rashi?

A: If, during slaughter, the person intends to eat it on the third day.

 

Q22. Why does Rashi reject the idea that eating on the third day retroactively invalidates it?

A: Because invalidation can occur only during the offering process, not afterward.

 

Q23. Who bears sin if such intent was present, even if eaten earlier?

A: Anyone who eats from it, even within the permitted time.

 

7:19 — Ritual Defilement and Peace‑Offerings

Q24. What happens to peace‑offering meat that touches impurity?

A: It must be burned.

 

Q25. Why does Rashi say “וְהַבָּשָׂר” is repeated?

A: To include a case where part of a limb went outside the permitted area.

 

 

Q26. Who may eat peace‑offering meat?

A: Anyone who is ritually pure, not only the owner.

 

Q27. How is this different from sin‑ and guilt‑offerings?

A: Peace‑offerings may be eaten anywhere in the Temple city.

 

7:20–21 — Eating While Defiled

Q28. Who is punished by excision according to Rashi?

A: One who is ritually defiled himself and eats sacrificial flesh.

 

Q29. Is someone punished by excision for eating defiled meat while pure?

A: No, only for violating the prohibition, not excision.

 

Q30. How many times is excision mentioned for this sin, and why?

A: Three times, to cover general sancta, peace‑offerings, and variable sin‑offerings.

 

7:23–25 — Prohibition of Fat

Q31. What animals’ fat is prohibited for eating?

A: Cattle, sheep, and goats.

 

Q32. What does Rashi learn from “יֵעָשֶׂה לְכָל־מְלָאכָה”?

A: Fat of a carcass does not convey ritual impurity.

 

Q33. Why does the Torah restate the prohibition of eating such fat?

A: To show that multiple prohibitions apply simultaneously.

 

7:26–27 — Prohibition of Blood

Q34. Why does the Torah say “בְּכֹל מוֹשְׁבֹתֵיכֶם”?

A: To teach that the prohibition applies everywhere, not only in the Land.

 

Q35. What blood is excluded from the prohibition?

A: Fish and grasshoppers.

 

7:29–30 — Waving the Breast

Q36. How are the breast and fats waved according to Rashi?

A: The owner’s hands rest on top of the priest’s hands.

 

Q37. How many priests are involved in this process?

A: Three priests.

 

Q38. Why is the breast brought if it is not burned?

A: Only for waving, not as a fire‑offering.

 

7:31–34 — Priestly Portions

Q39. When may the priests eat the breast?

A: Only after the fats are burned.

 

Q40. What is meant by “שׁוֹק” according to Rashi?

A: The right hind midleg, precisely defined anatomically.

 

 

Q41. Who receives the hind midleg?

A: Any priest fit to perform the blood and fat service.

 

7:35–36 — Eternal Entitlement

Q42. What do the wave‑offering and raised‑offering actions consist of?

A:

  • Forward and backward (wave)
  • Upward and downward (raise)

 

Q43. When were these priestly portions established?

A: On the day of Aaron’s anointment.

 

7:37–38 — Conclusion

Q44. What offerings are summarized at the end of the chapter?

A:

  • Burnt‑offering
  • Grain‑offering
  • Sin‑offering
  • Guilt‑offering
  • Installation‑offerings
  • Peace‑offerings

 

Q45. Where and when were these laws commanded?

A: At Mount Sinai, in the Sinai Desert.

📜Daily Chumash & Rashi Parshas Tzav – Rishon: Terumas Hadeshen and the Mincha offering (Sunday 4th nissan)

March 22, 2026 No Comments

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Rabbi Yaakov Goldstein is a 6th generation descendent of the famous Chief Rabbi of Izhmir, Rav Yehoshua Avraham Krispin, who authored a number of Sefarim, and was a colleague of Rav Chaim Falagi, and father in-law of the Pesach Hadvir. He currently lives with his wife Shayna, and twelve children K”H, in Tzfas, Israel. Rabbi Goldstein received Semicha from Rabbi Schneur Zalman Labkowski of the Tomchei Temimim headquarters in 2005 and served as a chaplain in the Lotar/Kalatz and K9 unit of the IDF from years 2005-2008. He is also a certified Shochet, and has performed Hashgacha work in slaughterhouses. Rabbi Goldstein is the director of Shulchanaruchharav.com, the world’s leading web-based Halacha database, and is the director of the Home Study Semicha Program, a self-study web-based Semicha program. He is a prolific author of over 50 Sefarim studied by a wide range of readers throughout the world, which is used regularly in Semicha programs around the globe. He is a world renowned Posek, answering questions to a web-based market, and serves as a local Posek, Rav, and Lecturer, in the Tzemach Tzedek community Shul in Tzefas, Israel. His many classes can be heard both from his website, Vimeo and YouTube channel. Students can join live to classes given in the Tzemach Tzedek Shul, through the “בית חבד צפת Chabad Tsfat” YouTube channel.

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