📜 Daily Chumash & Rashi Parshas Shemini – Rishon: The order of the eighth day of inauguration (Sunday 11th Nissan)

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Parshas Shemini

Pesukim: 91 [Siman:עבדיה ]

Haftorah: Shmuel 2 6/1-19[1]

 Number of Mitzvos:

There are a total of seventeen Mitzvos in Parshas Shemini; Six positive commands and Eleven negative commands. The following are the commands in the chronological order that they are brought in the Parsha.

 A. Positive:

1. Mitzvah 153/Positive 68: To know and check the Kashrus signs of an animal.[2]

2. Mitzvah 155/Positive 69: To know and check the Kashrus signs of fish.[3]

3. Mitzvah 158/Positive 70: To know and check the Kashrus signs of locust.

4. Mitzvah 159/Positive 71: That the eight Sheratzim listed in the Torah impurify a person.

5. Mitzvah 160/Positive 72: To guard the laws of impurity of food and drink, as required by Torah law. Such as that all produce that is detached from the ground, becomes susceptible to impurity upon it becoming wet.

6. Mitzvah 161/Positive 73: That the Niveila impurifies a person and one act in accordance to its laws.

 B. Negative:

1. Mitzvah 149/Negative 82: The prohibition for the Kohanim to enter the Mikdash with long hair.

2. Mitzvah 150/Negative 83: The prohibition for the Kohanim to enter the Mikdash with torn clothing.

3. Mitzvah 151/Negative 84: The prohibition for the Kohanim to leave the Mikdash during their Avoda.

4. Mitzvah 152/Negative 85: Not to enter the Mikdash, or give Torah rulings, while under the influence of wine or alcohol.

5. Mitzvah 154/Negative 86: Not to eat impure/non-Kosher animals.

6. Mitzvah 156/Negative 87: Not to eat impure/non-Kosher fish.

7. Mitzvah 157/Negative 88: Not to eat impure/non-Kosher fowl.

8. Mitzvah 162/Negative 89: Not to eat insects that crawl on the ground.

9. Mitzvah 163/Negative 90: Not to eat insects that grow in fruits and legumes while attached to the ground.

10. Mitzvah 164/Negative 91: Not to eat water insects.[4]

11. Mitzvah 165/Negative 92: Not to eat insects of spontaneous generation, created from rotting produce.

 Rishon

  1. The order of the eighth day of inauguration:
  • On the eighth day Moshe summoned Aaron, his sons, and the elders of Israel and commanded them the order of sacrifices for the day of inauguration.
  • Aaron’s offerings: Aaron is commanded to take a calf for a Chatas, and a ram for an Olah and to offer it to Hashem.
  • The offering of the people: The Jewish people are commanded to take a he-goat for a Chatas, and a calf and sheep in their first year for an Olah, and a bull and ram for a Shelamim, and a Mincha mixed with oil. The Jewish people brought all the offerings and came to the front of the Ohel Moed.
  • Moshe tells the Jewish people that through doing the above service the Shechina will be seen.
  • The meat offerings: Aaron is told to offer the Chatas and Olah and atone for himself and for the nation. He is then to offer the Karbanos of the nation. Aaron did as he was told and slaughtered his calf Chatas sacrifice and he dipped his finger in the blood and placed it on the Mizbeiach. The fat, kidneys, and diaphragm of the liver of the Chatas was offered to the Mizbeaich. The meat and skin were burnt outside the camp. The Olah was then slaughtered and its blood was sprinkled around the Mizbeiach. The limbs and its head were offered to the Mizbeiach. The innards and legs were offered. The Chatas of the nation was slaughtered similar to the first Chatas. The Olah of the nation is offered.

Calves 2 calves [One for Chatas for Aaron, and one for an Olah of the Jewish people]
Rams 2 rams [One for Olah for Aaron, and one for Shelamim of Jewish people]
Goat 1 Goat [For Chatas for Jewish people]
Sheep 1 Sheep [For an Olah of the Jewish people]
Ox 1 Ox [For a Shelamim of the Jewish people]
Mincha1 Mincha

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[1] So is followed by Sepharadi and Chabad communities. However, Ashkenazi communities read until verse 7:17

[2] This Mitzvah is listed by the Rambam, although according to the Ramban it is not included as one of the 613. See Chinuch ibid

[3] This Mitzvah is listed by the Rambam, although according to the Ramban it is not included as one of the 613. See Chinuch Mitzvah 153

[4] This Mitzvah is listed by the Rambam, although according to the Ramban it is not included as one of the 613. See Chinuch ibid

 

📘 Rashi Q&A — Vayikra 9:1–16

 

9:1 — The Eighth Day

Q1. What is meant by “וַיְהִי בַּיּוֹם הַשְּׁמִינִי” according to Rashi?

A: It refers to the eighth day of the installation rites, which was 1 Nisan, the day the Tabernacle was erected and the Divine Presence rested there.

 

Q2. What special distinction did this day have according to Rashi?

A: It received ten crowns, listed in Seder Olam.

 

Q3. Why were the elders of Israel summoned?

A: To inform them that Aaron was entering the Tabernacle by God’s command, so they would not think he acted on his own.

 

9:2 — Aaron’s Personal Offerings

Q4. Why was Aaron commanded to take a calf as a sin‑offering?

A: To indicate that God was granting atonement for Aaron’s role in the Golden Calf through a calf.

 

Q5. What ascent‑offering was Aaron commanded to bring?

A: A ram, unblemished.

 

9:3–4 — The People’s Offerings

Q6. What sin‑offering was the people commanded to bring?

A: A he‑goat.

 

Q7. What ascent‑offerings were the people commanded to bring?

A: A calf and a lamb, both in their first year and unblemished.

 

 

Q8. What peace‑offerings were the people commanded to bring?

A: A bull and a ram.

 

Q9. Why were these offerings required specifically on that day?

A: Because God was appearing to them, to let His Divine Presence rest on their handiwork.

 

9:5–6 — Moses’ Declaration

Q10. Why does Moses say, “This is what God has commanded you to do”?

A: So that the glory of God would appear to the people.

 

9:7 — Encouraging Aaron

Q11. Why did Moses tell Aaron, “Approach the Altar”?

A: Because Aaron was embarrassed and afraid to approach the Altar.

 

Q12. How did Moses encourage Aaron?

A: He said: “Why are you embarrassed? You were chosen for this role!”

 

Q13. What is meant by “אֶת־חַטָּאתְךָ”?

A: Aaron’s personal sin‑offering, the calf mentioned earlier.

 

Q14. What is meant by “וְאֶת־עֹלָתֶךָ”?

A: Aaron’s personal ascent‑offering, the ram.

 

Q15. What is meant by “קָרְבַּן הָעָם”?

A: The people’s offerings: the goat, calf, and lamb.

 

Q16. What does Rashi note about the word “עֵגֶל” when used without qualification?

A: It always refers to a calf in its first year, as learned from this passage.

 

9:8–11 — Aaron’s Sin‑Offering

Q17. What was unusual about this sin‑offering being burned outside the camp?

A: Normally, a sin‑offering whose blood is applied to the Outer Altar is not burned, except in this case and during the installation days, which were special exceptions by God’s command.

 

9:12–14 — Aaron’s Ascent‑Offering

Q18. What does “וַיַּמְצִאוּ” mean regarding the blood?

A: Aaron’s sons handed the blood to him, making it ready for application.

 

Q19. What did Aaron do with the pieces of the ascent‑offering?

A: He burned them on the Altar, including the head.

 

Q20. Why were the innards and legs washed?

A: To prepare them properly before being burned on the Altar.

 

9:15 — The People’s Sin‑Offering

Q21. What does “וַיְחַטְּאֵהוּ” mean according to Rashi?

A: Aaron performed all the procedures of a sin‑offering on it.

 

Q22. What does “כָּרִאשׁוֹן” refer to?

A: It means like Aaron’s own sin‑offering.

 

9:16 — The People’s Ascent‑Offering

Q23. What does “וַיַּעֲשֶׂהָ כַּמִּשְׁפָּט” mean?

A: Aaron offered it according to the law of a voluntary ascent‑offering, as described earlier in Parashat Vayikra.

About The Author

Rabbi Yaakov Goldstein is a 6th generation descendent of the famous Chief Rabbi of Izhmir, Rav Yehoshua Avraham Krispin, who authored a number of Sefarim, and was a colleague of Rav Chaim Falagi, and father in-law of the Pesach Hadvir. He currently lives with his wife Shayna, and twelve children K”H, in Tzfas, Israel. Rabbi Goldstein received Semicha from Rabbi Schneur Zalman Labkowski of the Tomchei Temimim headquarters in 2005 and served as a chaplain in the Lotar/Kalatz and K9 unit of the IDF from years 2005-2008. He is also a certified Shochet, and has performed Hashgacha work in slaughterhouses. Rabbi Goldstein is the director of Shulchanaruchharav.com, the world’s leading web-based Halacha database, and is the director of the Home Study Semicha Program, a self-study web-based Semicha program. He is a prolific author of over 50 Sefarim studied by a wide range of readers throughout the world, which is used regularly in Semicha programs around the globe. He is a world renowned Posek, answering questions to a web-based market, and serves as a local Posek, Rav, and Lecturer, in the Tzemach Tzedek community Shul in Tzefas, Israel. His many classes can be heard both from his website, Vimeo and YouTube channel. Students can join live to classes given in the Tzemach Tzedek Shul, through the “בית חבד צפת Chabad Tsfat” YouTube channel.

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