1. All cities other than Jerusalem – Friday:[1]

When Purim falls on Erev Shabbos the meal is to take place in the morning of Erev Shabbos [prior to midday[2]] due to Kavod Shabbos. [This applies even according to Admur[3] which generally only requires a Seudas Mitzvah to take place prior to the 10th hour on Erev Shabbos.[4] This simply means that the meal is to begin before midday, such as with washing on bread, and it is not necessary to end it before midday.[5] Accordingly, even those on Mivtzaim can make an effort to wash on bread prior to midday to at least begin their meal then, and have in mind to continue their meal later when they get home, making sure that enough time does not pass without them eating to consider their original bread to have been digested, Shiur Ikkul.]

If cant do in morning: If one is unable to set the meal for the morning, then at the very least it is best to start the meal before the 10th hour[6] of the day.[7] [Some are accustomed to do so even initially.[8]] If this too is not possible, one may start the meal up until sunset.[9] In such a case, if one is unable to eat the Friday night meal, he is to eat three meals on Shabbos day.[10] Regarding continuing the meal into Shabbos- This will be explained in a coming lesson.

Shushan Purim – Shabbos-Sunday: When Purim falls on Erev Shabbos, Shushuan Purim is celebrated on Shabbos, and thus the custom is to also make a large festive meal on Shabbos, Shushan Purim.[11] Furthermore, one should also increase in festivities and have a special Shushan Purim feast on Sunday the 16th, when Jerusalem celebrates their Purim meal.[12] They are to have a special Shushan Purim feast on Sunday the 16th, as opposed to Motzei Shabbos.[13]

1. Jerusalem – Sunday:[14]

In Jerusalem, whenever Purim which is on the 15th of Adar falls on a Shabbos the Purim meal and Ad Delo Yada is celebrated on Sunday.[15] It is however proper to also have a special meal on Shabbos with extra delicacies.[16]

1. Safek cities [i.e. Tzefas] – Friday & also Sunday:[17]

All Safek cities, such as Tzefas are to celebrate the Purim meal and Ad Delo Yada on Friday. One is to also have a special meal on Shabbos with extra delicacies in honor of both Shushan Purim and the possible Jerusalem Shabbos Purim meal obligation. It is especially proper to celebrate a Purim meal on Sunday, as does Jerusalem.[18]

[1] Rama 695:2; Rebbe in Sichas Kodesh 5737 3:508, printed in Shulchan Menachem 3:330 “Especially when Purim falls on Erev Shabbos, in which case we precede the Purim meal to the morning due to Kavod Shabbos.”; See Admur 249:7

[2] M”B 695:10; Aruch Hashulchan 249:7; See however Shulchan Menachem 3:330 that the Rebbe once stated one is not required to be particular to begin prior to midday, and that the Rebbe Rashab had his meal in the afternoon on Erev Shabbos. [Sefer Hasichos 5700 P. 37]

[3] Admur 249:7

[4] Ketzos Hashulchan 69 footnote 8, as by the Purim Seuda there is a greater chance of getting drunk.

[5] See Admur 249:7

[6] How to calculate the 10^th hour: The 10th hour of the day is three Zemanyios hours before sunset and depends on your location [i.e. if sunset in your location is at 5 o’clock, and each of the 12 halachic daylight hours is 50 minutes each, then this means that you should begin the meal at the very least before 2:30. If there are 60 minutes per Zmaniyos hour that day and sunset is at 6:00 P.M. one is to start the feast before 3:00 P.M.

[7] Yad Efraim in name of Maharil, brought in M”B 695:10

[8] Minhagei Eretz Yisrael in name of Nehar Mitzraim; Piskeiy Teshuvos 695:6 footnote 31 in name of Meiri Kesubos 7a that so is the custom in Jerusalem to continue the meal into Shabbos and perform Pores Mapa, although he concludes that based on Kabala it is improper to do so, as one is to Daven Maariv before Kiddush. [See Kaf Hachaim 271:22 in name of Arizal]

[9] Admur 249:6; Hisorerus Teshuvah 2:172; Piskeiy Teshuvos 695:6 brings from M”B 529:8 that in such a case one is to only eat a minute amount of food. However, no mention of this is made in Admur 249 or 529.

The reason: The reason for this is because a Seudas Mitzvah which has fallen out to be eaten specifically on Erev Shabbos, may be set on Erev Shabbos, even if due to this one will be unable to fulfill the Friday night meal, as this meal is likewise a Seudas Mitzvah just as the Friday night meal. [Admur ibid]

When Purim falls on Erev Shabbos and one did not start his meal prior to Plag Hamincha, may he already accept Shabbos and then begin his meal? One is not to do so. [Hisorerus Teshuvah 2:172]

[10] Admur 249:6

[11] Rebbe in Sichas Kodesh 5737 3:508, printed in Shulchan Menachem 3:330; See Purim Hameshulash Debilitzky 4:1; Nitei Gavriel Purim Meshulash 24 footnote 4

[12] Olas Shmuel 110; Nimukeiy Orach Chaim 688:2; Piskeiy Teshuvos 696:4; Likkutei Sichos 21 p. 490, brought in Shulchan Menachem 3:331 “It is very proper that the Jewish people in all places add in different matters of joy on Sunday, including Divreiy Torah, rejoicing other Jews, and if possible, even through giving Mishloach Manos and Matanos Laevyonim”

[13] Nimukeiy Orach Chaim ibid

[14] See Michaber 688:6; Peri Chadash 690; Pnei Meivin 228; Shulchan Gavoa 690:40; Kol Eliyahu 2:28; Bnei Binyamon p. 104; Kaf Hachaim 690:118; M”B 690:61 and Shaar Hatziyon 690:59:61; Purim Meshulash Zonenfeld 3; Salmas Chaim 1:102-103; Rav Tukichinsky in Ir Hakodesh Vehamikdash 26b [unlike his ruling in Sefer Eretz Yisrael and his Luach]; Chazon Ish 155:2; Moadim Uzmanim 1:97; Purim Meshulash [Deblitzky] 2:11 footnote 28 in great length; M”B 688:17-18; Shaar Hatziyon 688:30; Olas Shmuel 110; Nimukeiy Orach Chaim 688:2; Piskeiy Teshuvos 696:4; See Shulchan Menachem 3:331 from Likkutei Sichos 21 p. 490; See also Purim Hameshulash [Zonenfeld] 6; Purim Meshulash Debilitzky 2 footnote 56; See Piskeiy Teshuvos 688:12-17 for various details on Purim Meshulash; See also Seder Purim Hameshulash of Rav Chaim Zonenfeld; Purim Hameshulash of Rav Dabelitzky;

[15] Michaber ibid based on Yerushalmi; Radbaz 1:147; Magen Avraham 688:10; M”B ibid

[16] Maharal Chaviv based on Bavli, brought in M”A ibid and M”B ibid; Peri Chadash brought in Shaar Hatziyon 688:30; M”B 688:18

[17] See Michaber 688:4; Beis Yosef 688Hilchos Chag Bechag Dinei Purim Meshulash [Karp] p. 46-47

[18] Nimukeiy Orach Chaim 695:7; as if one is to send Mishloach Manos and Matanos Laevyonim on both days certainly one must fulfill the Seuda which is the purpose of these Mitzvos. [ibid]