Remembering/Reciting the six Zechiros:[1]
The Mitzvah:[2] It is a positive command in the Torah to remember [daily] the following actions:
- Mamad Har Sinai[3]
- Maaseh Amaleik[4]
- Maaseh Miriam[5]
- Maaseh Haeigal[6]
- Shabbos: Some Poskim[7] rule it is a positive command to remember Shabbos daily and so rules Admur in the Siddur.
- Yetzias Mitzrayim:[8] It is a positive command in the Torah to remember Yetzias Mitzraim every day and night.
When: It is proper to remember the above Zechiros in Birchas Kerias Shema.[9] One is to verbally recite the six Zechiros daily after Shacharis.[10] [The six Zechiros are to be recited daily even on Shabbos and Yom Tov, Rosh Hashanah and Yom Kippur.[11] On Shabbos they are said after the Parsha of Velakachta Soles.[12]]
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[1] See Siddur Raskin in length
[2] Admur 60/4
[3] Admur 60/4; Siddur Admur; Ramban Hasagos Shichichas Lavin 2 and in Devarim 4/9; Peri Eitz Chaim Kerias Shema 3; Shaar Hakavanos p. 119
[4] Admur 60/4; Siddur Admur; Rambam Aseh 189; Ramban Shichichas Esei 7; Peri Eitz Chaim Kerias Shema 3; Shaar Hakavanos p. 119
[5] Admur 60/4; Siddur Admur; Ramban Hasagos ibid and in Devarim 4/9; Peri Eitz Chaim Kerias Shema 3; Shaar Hakavanos p. 119
[6] Admur 60/4; Siddur Admur; Ramban Hasagos ibid; Yalkut Shimoni Bechukosai 671 in name of Sifri
[7] Opinion in Admur 60/4; M”A 60/2; Ramban Shmeos 20/8
[8] Admur 67/1; 70/1 and 4; Mishneh Brachos 12b; Peri Eitz Chaim Kerias Shema 3; Shaar Hakavanos p. 119
[9] Admur 60/4; M”A 60/2 in anme of Kesavim; Peri Eitz Chaim Kerias Shema 3; Shaar Hakavanos p. 119
[10] Siddur Admur; Siddur Shlah Shaar Hashmayim in name of Kablists; Olas Tamid 1/6; Elya Raba 1/7; Siddur Yaavetz;
The reason: Some Poskim [Shagas Aryeh 13] rule one does not fulfill his obligation of remembering the Zechiros unless it is verbalized. Accordingly, perhaps Admur required it to repeated after Davening in suspicion of this opinion. However in truth, one cannot offer this explanation regarding the Zechira of Mitzrayim which was recited in Vayomer, and hence one must say the reason is because one does not have intent to fulfill his obligation during Shema, and hence it is repeated after Davening. [Ketzos Hashulchan 19 footnote 28; See Noheig Katzon Yosef 77; Siddur Raskin ibid]
[11] Sefer Haminahgim p. 18; Hayom Yom 8 Menachem Av
[12] Sefer Haminhagim p. 34
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If one recited them prior to Shacharis, as opposed to after, has he fulfilled his obligation?
If one did have intention to remember the Exodus while saying Shema or Emes Veyatziv, is he obligated to repeat it after davening?
Yes. Its explained in the Ketzos Hashulchan that this is the reason the Alter Rebbe in his Sidddur required it to be repeated, lest he did not have intent