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6. Placing food on Shabbos by an area which is not Yad Soledes Bo:

A. The definition of Yad Soledes Bo:[1]

Is an area that is hot enough that if the food that he is returning there were to be cold, it would be able to heat it up to the point of Yad Soledes [110 Far.].

B. Placing food near the oven by an area which is not Yad Soledes:[2]

All the above restrictions [of returning a food near an oven] is only when one is returning the food on Shabbos to an area which is Yad Soledes. However, if it is not Yad Soledes in that area, then according to all opinions one can place food near the oven, even [near] the Tanur of their days, even if it is not swept or covered [and even if the food has not been cooked].

C. Placing food on an oven by an area which is not Yad Soledes:[3]

[Furthermore] one is permitted to return it even on top of a Kirah[4] that is swept or covered if it is not Yad Soledes in that area, even if one had already removed the food from there before Shabbos and had placed it on the ground and he did not have in mind to return it at all. This applies even if its food was placed into another pot, and even if it is an old food which has completely cooled off, and even if it has liquid.[5]

However [it is forbidden to place food] on top of an oven which is lit and has fiery coals inside of it [meaning they have not been removed or covered], even if it is not Yad Soledes on top of the oven and even if the food is completely hot. Although one may place a brick or something else under the pot and then place it on top of the oven [as will be explained in chapter 3 Halacha 3].[6]

The reason for this leniency when the coals in the oven have been removed is because when [on the oven] there is not so much heat to the point of Yad Soledes, it does not appear like one is initially cooking there [on Shabbos].

Inside the oven: Is never allowed, as will be explained in the next Halacha.

D. Returning food into an oven on Shabbos that is not Yad Soledes:[7]

The law:[8] (Regarding returning the pot to inside the Kirah, or Tanur even of our days, there is no difference if it is Yad Soledes or not in that area[9] and is thus forbidden on Shabbos, even if the food is fully cooked, [and] even if the oven [had its coals] swept or covered, [and] even if it is not Yad Soledes [inside the oven].)

A leniency by some to initially place food inside a coal oven, that is no longer Yad Soledes, on Shabbos day[10]: There are some people which are accustomed to be lenient to return a pot on Shabbos day[11] inside the Tanur which that food was baked in before Shabbos, even if [the coals of] the Tanur were not swept, [as long as] the Tanur was not further heated up after the baking [and is no longer Yad Soledes]. However, nevertheless if the inside of the oven is still Yad Soledes it is forbidden to place the pot there.

The reason that they are lenient to allow this is:[12] because the coals which remain from the fire which was heated up for the baking are already faded and dimmed and they are thus considered as if they were swept.

A further leniency to initially place food inside an oven on Shabbos day:[13] There are those which are furthermore lenient that [even if one had reheated the oven after the initial baking in order to] insulate the hot Shabbos day food nevertheless [they say that] after the Shabbos day meal certainly all the coals have dimmed and [they thus say that] it is permitted to return the food into that oven [after the Shabbos morning meal], in according to the custom [mentioned previously], (as long as the oven is not Yad Soledes).

The Final Ruling:[14] Despite the above custom, every person should be stringent on himself[15] to not return the pot to the inside of a Kirah or Tanur[16] even if one removed it from there after Shabbos had begun, and even if he had intention to return it, and it is still in his hands.

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[1] Admur 253:21

[2] Admur 253:21

[3] Admur 253: 21

Other opinions: Some Poskim rule it is permitted to return into the oven if it is not Yad Soledes. [M”B 253:93 in name of Gr”a; Shaar Hatziyon 253:93]

[4] However, a Tanur or Kupach with good fuel may never have food returned on it even if the coals have been swept and the area is not Yad Soledes as we suspect one may come to stoke the coals.

[5] Admur 253:21

Vetzaruch Iyun why this is not subject to the same dispute mentioned above in 253:24 [brought in Halacha 4 above] regarding placing a food on top of a heater, in which the stringent opinion ruled one is not to do so unless there is an additional separation placed, even if the area is not Yad Soledes. However seemingly the difference is that by the case of a heater, since the inner fire was not covered therefore the stringent opinion suspects one may come to stoke the coals if no reminding separation is placed. However here that we are discussing an oven with covered coals, they no longer suspect one will come to stoke it, as is always the case when the coals are covered.

[6] Kitzur Diney Shehiyah and Hatmanah 259

[7] Admur 253:5; 253:21; M”A  319:

Other opinions: Some Poskim rule it is permitted to return into the oven if it is not Yad Soledes. [M”B 253:93 in name of Gr”a; Shaar Hatziyon 253:93]

[8] Admur 253:5; Parenthese is in original; See also 253:21: (Regarding returning the pot to inside the Kirah, or Tanur even of our days, there is no difference if it is Yad Soledes or not in that area [and it is prohibited regardless, as mentioned above in Halacha 5].)

[9] Admur 253:21

[10] Admur 253:19

^[11]  Meaning, as opposed to night.

[12] Admur 253:19

[13] Admur 253:19

[14] Admur 253:19

^[15] Although this was ruled regarding returning a pot into the oven, certainly this ruling applies to initially placing it in the oven.

^[16] Tzaruch Iyun why Tanur is being mentioned here, as it was never even included in the above leniency, as the above leniency only discussed returning it to the inside of a Kirah and not Tanur. Although perhaps it is referring to our Tanur today which have the same status as a Kirah.

[17] Meaning that according to the lenient opinion there it would certainly be permitted to even initially place uncooked food into an oven which is not Yad Soledes.

[18] As writes Admur in 253:21 regarding a Kirah oven; However Tzaruch Iyun as the custom was only to allow returning  food into the oven and not to initially place.