Daily Chumash & Rashi Parshas Vayikra – Revi’i: The Shlomim sacrifice from cattle (Wednesday, 29th Adar)

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Revi’i

  1. The Shlomim sacrifice from cattle:
  • If one brings a Shlamim from cattle, it may be either male or female, although must be unblemished.
  • Semicha: One is to rest his hand on the head of his Karban, and it is to be slaughtered by the opening of the Ohel Moed.
  • Offering the animal: The Kohanim are to offer the blood of the animal onto the altar, all around. The fat that covers the innards is to be offered. The two kidneys and the fat that is on them, and the diaphragm on the liver and kidneys is to be offered. It is to be offered over the Olah, which is on the wood that is on the fire.

  1. The Shlamim sacrifice from sheep:
  • If one brings a Shlamim from flock, it may be either male or female, although must be unblemished.
  • Semicha: If the offering is a sheep, he is to bring it before G-d and rest his hand on the head of the Karban, and it is to be slaughtered by the opening of the Ohel Moed.
  • Offering the animal: The Kohanim are to offer the blood of the animal onto the altar, all around. The entire tail, up until the kidneys, is to be offered, and the fat that covers the innards is to be offered. The two kidneys and the fat that is on them, and the diaphragm on the liver and kidneys is to be offered.

  1. The Shlomim sacrifice from a goat:
  • If one brings a Shlamim from a goat he is to rest his hand on its head, and it is to be slaughtered by the opening of the Ohel Moed.
  • Offering the animal: The Kohanim are to offer the blood of the animal onto the altar, all around. The fat that covers the innards is to be offered. The two kidneys and the fat that is on them, and the diaphragm on the liver and kidneys is to be offered.

  1. Prohibition of eating Chelev fat or blood:
  • It is an eternal decree for all generations that one may not eat any fat or blood.

Category

Cattle (Bakar)

Sheep (Keves/Ewe)

Goat (Ez)

General Prohibition

Eligibility

• May be male or female
• Must be unblemished

• May be male or female
• Must be unblemished

• May be male or female (implied)
• Must be unblemished

—

Semicha (Laying of Hands)

• Owner rests his hand on the head
• Slaughtered at the entrance of the Ohel Moed

• Brought before G‑d
• Owner rests his hand on the head
• Slaughtered at the entrance of the Ohel Moed

• Owner rests his hand on the head
• Slaughtered at the entrance of the Ohel Moed

—

Blood Service

• Kohanim sprinkle the blood around the altar

• Kohanim sprinkle the blood around the altar

• Kohanim sprinkle the blood around the altar

—

Fats & Parts Offered on the Altar

• Fat covering the innards
• Two kidneys and their fat
• Diaphragm on liver and kidneys
• Offered over the Olah on the wood of the fire

• Entire tail up to the kidneys
• Fat covering the innards
• Two kidneys and their fat
• Diaphragm on liver and kidneys

• Fat covering the innards
• Two kidneys and their fat
• Diaphragm on liver and kidneys

—

Special Notes

—

Tail (alya) is unique to sheep

—

• Eternal decree
• Forbidden to eat chelev (forbidden fats)
• Forbidden to eat blood

Q&A on Rashi

 

📘 Rashi Q&A — Vayikra 3

 

3:1 — Peace‑Offering (Shelamim)

Q1. Why are these offerings called “שְׁלָמִים”?

A: Because they bring peace (שָׁלוֹם) into the world.

 

Q2. What is Rashi’s alternative explanation of “שְׁלָמִים”?

A: They create peace and harmony between the Altar, the priests, and the owners.

 

3:2 — Leaning, Slaughter, and Blood

Q3. Where is the peace‑offering slaughtered?

A: At the entrance of the Tent of Meeting.

 

Q4. How is the blood applied to the Altar?

A: It is dashed in an encircling manner.

 

3:3 — The Designated Fats

Q5. What does “כָּל־הַחֵלֶב” include according to Rabbi Yishmael?

A: It includes the fat on the abomasum.

 

Q6. What does Rabbi Akiva say “כָּל־הַחֵלֶב” includes?

A: Only the fat on the small intestine.

 

3:4 — Kidneys, Flanks, and Diaphragm

Q7. What are “הַכְּסָלִים” (the flanks)?

A: The upper parts of the loins where the white fat is visible.

 

Q8. Why does the Torah describe the fat as being “on the flanks”?

A: Because while alive, the fat lies above the kidneys, at the upper end of the flanks.

 

Q9. What is “הַיֹּתֶרֶת”?

A: The diaphragm, the protective wall of the liver.

 

Q10. What does “עַל־הַכָּבֵד” mean?

A: He must remove the diaphragm together with a small part of the liver.

 

Q11. What does “עַל־הַכָּבֵד עַל־הַכְּלָיוֹת” mean?

A: Besides the liver and kidneys, he removes the diaphragm.

 

3:5 — Order of Offerings

Q12. What does “עַל־הָעֹלָה” mean here?

A: After the daily morning ascent‑offering.

 

Q13. What principle is learned from this?

A: The daily morning ascent‑offering precedes all other sacrifices.

 

3:6 — Peace‑Offering from the Flock

Q14. Are both males and females valid for peace‑offerings?

A: Yes, whether male or female, provided they are unblemished.

 

3:7 — Sheep Offering

Q15. Why is the sheep discussed separately from the goat?

A: Because a sheep has an additional designated part—the tail.

 

3:8 — Blood Application

Q16. How is “וְזָרְקוּ” performed?

A: By two applications visible on four sides, using a vessel.

 

Q17. When is blood applied with a finger instead?

A: Only for a sin‑offering, not for peace‑offerings.

 

3:9 — The Sheep’s Tail

Q18. What does “חֶלְבּוֹ” mean here?

A: Its choicest part.

 

Q19. What is this choicest part?

A: The entire tail, beginning at the kidneys.

 

Q20. What does “לְעֻמַּת הֶעָצֶה” mean?

A: Above the kidneys, which are called “those that give counsel” (יוֹעֲצוֹת).

 

3:10 — Kidneys and Diaphragm (Sheep)

Q21. Are the same fats removed from sheep as from cattle?

A: Yes, with the addition of the tail.

 

3:11 — Food of the Fire

Q22. What does “לֶחֶם אִשֶּׁה לַה׳” mean?

A: Food for the fire, offered for the sake of God.

 

Q23. How does Rashi explain the word “לֶחֶם”?

A: It means food in general, not specifically bread.

 

3:12 — Goat Peace‑Offering

Q24. Is the goat offering treated like cattle?

A: Yes, except that it has no tail like a sheep.

 

3:13 — Slaughter and Blood (Goat)

Q25. Where is the goat slaughtered?

A: In front of the Tent of Meeting.

Q26. How is its blood applied?

A: Dashed encircling the Altar.

 

3:14–15 — Designated Fats (Goat)

Q27. Which fats are removed from the goat?

A: The fat covering the innards, the fat on them, the kidneys with their fat, and the diaphragm with part of the liver.

 

3:16 — All Fat to God

Q28. What does “כָּל־חֵלֶב לַה׳” teach?

A: All designated fat belongs to God and is burned on the Altar.

 

3:17 — Eternal Prohibition

Q29. What does “חֻקַּת עוֹלָם” mean?

A: An eternal statute for all generations.

 

Q30. What is prohibited by this statute?

A: Eating any fat or any blood, in all habitations.

📜Daily Chumash & Rashi Parshas Tzav – Rishon: Terumas Hadeshen and the Mincha offering (Sunday 4th nissan)

March 22, 2026 No Comments

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About The Author

Rabbi Yaakov Goldstein is a 6th generation descendent of the famous Chief Rabbi of Izhmir, Rav Yehoshua Avraham Krispin, who authored a number of Sefarim, and was a colleague of Rav Chaim Falagi, and father in-law of the Pesach Hadvir. He currently lives with his wife Shayna, and twelve children K”H, in Tzfas, Israel. Rabbi Goldstein received Semicha from Rabbi Schneur Zalman Labkowski of the Tomchei Temimim headquarters in 2005 and served as a chaplain in the Lotar/Kalatz and K9 unit of the IDF from years 2005-2008. He is also a certified Shochet, and has performed Hashgacha work in slaughterhouses. Rabbi Goldstein is the director of Shulchanaruchharav.com, the world’s leading web-based Halacha database, and is the director of the Home Study Semicha Program, a self-study web-based Semicha program. He is a prolific author of over 50 Sefarim studied by a wide range of readers throughout the world, which is used regularly in Semicha programs around the globe. He is a world renowned Posek, answering questions to a web-based market, and serves as a local Posek, Rav, and Lecturer, in the Tzemach Tzedek community Shul in Tzefas, Israel. His many classes can be heard both from his website, Vimeo and YouTube channel. Students can join live to classes given in the Tzemach Tzedek Shul, through the “בית חבד צפת Chabad Tsfat” YouTube channel.

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