What is one to do if his Tallis Gadol/Katan arrived in middle of Davening?
Pesukei Dezimra:[1] One who did not have a Tallis [Gadol/Katan] [or forgot to put on a Tallis[2]] until he reached Yishtabach, is not to recite a blessing over the Tallis [Gadol/Katan] between Pesukei Dezimra [i.e. Az Yashir] and Yishtabach.[3] It goes without saying that he may not say a blessing over the Tallis in middle of Pesukei Dezimra [even Bein Haperakim, and certainly not in middle of a Perek[4]].[5] However one may recite a blessing over the Tallis between Yishtabach and Yotzer.[6] [Thus in the event that Tallis arrived in middle of Pesukei Dezimra, one is to place it on without a blessing, and between Yishtabach and Yotzer is to then shake the Tzitzis and recite a blessing.[7]]
Birchas Shema and Shema:[8] If one remembered to put on a Tallis[9] or received a Tallis[10], after Yotzer but before completing the blessing of Goal Yisrael, he may place the Tallis on without a blessing and after Shemoneh Esrei he is to shake the Tzitzis and recite a blessing.[11] This applies whether he is in middle of a Perek or is inbetween the Perakim, in either case he may put on the Tallis, but may not say a blessing. This applies even if one is in the middle of one of the Parshiyos of Shema, with exception to if one is in the middle of the first paragraph of Shema, in which acse he may not even wear the Tallis without a blessing.[12]
Geula and Tefillah:[13] If one is already between Geula and Tefila, having already completed the blessing of Goal Yisrael, he may not put on the Tallis even without a blessing.[14]
What is a Chazan to do if his Tallis Gadol/Katan arrived in middle of Davening?[15] A Chazan that did not have a Tallis [Gadol] until he reached Yishtabach, is to wear the Tallis and recite a blessing over it [Gadol/Katan] between Pesukei Dezimra and Yishtabach, prior to saying Yishtabach.[16]
What is one to do if his Tefillin arrived in middle of Davening, or if he forgot to put on Tefillin and remembered in middle of Davening?
Pesukei Dezimra:[17] One may not recite a blessing on Tefillin between Az Yashir and Yishtabach.[18] One may not recite a blessing on Tefillin in middle of Pesukei Dezimra [even Bein Haperakim, and certainly not in middle of a Perek[19]].[20] However one may recite a blessing over the Tefillin between Yishtabach and Yotzer.[21] [Thus in the event that one received Tefillin, or remembered to put on Tefillin[22], in middle of Pesukei Dezimra, one is to place them on without a blessing, and between Yishtabach and Yotzer is to shake them and recite a blessing.[23]]
Birchas Shema and Shema: If one remembered to put on Tefillin[24], or received Tefillin[25], after beginning the blessing of Yotzer Or but before Shema, he may place it on with a blessing between the Perakim [which is between Yotzer Hameoros and Ahavas Olam, and Ahavas Olam and Shema[26]] although not in the midst of the paragraph.[27] If one received Tefillin in middle of Shema or afterwards, from Veahavta and onwards, one may place it on with a blessing even in middle of the paragraph.[28]
Geula and Tefila: Between Geula and Tefila one may not say a blessing on the Tefillin.[29] Rather, one is to wear it without a blessing.[30]
[1] 53/3;
[2] Piskeiy Teshuvos 53 footnote 14; See Admur 66/3; Michaber 66/2
Other opinions: Some Poskim rule that in the event that one had Tefillin beforehand and simply forgot to wear them, them, it is forbidden to put them on during Pesukei Dezimra, or even between Yishtabach and Barchu, even without a blessing. [M”B 53/7]
[3] Admur ibid; Michaber 53/3
[4] Ketzos Hashulchan 18 footnote 23 based on the wording in Admur here “As it is forbidden to make an interval between Baruch Sheamar and Yishtabach.”
[5] Admur ibid; Chayeh Adam 20/3; Gloss of Rav Akiva Eiger ibid; Kitzur SHU”A 14/8; Kaf Hachaim 53/7
The reason: As it is forbidden to make an interval between Baruch Sheamar and Yishtabach even if it is for the sake of a Mitzvah, as explained in 51/4. [ibid]
Other opinions: Some Poskim rule one may put on the Tallis with a blessing even in middle of the Perek, and certainly between the Perakim in Pesukei Dezimra. [Birkeiy Yosef 53/4; Magen Giborim based on Teshuvas Harambam 147; M”B 53/6; Yabia Omer 9/82] However even according to them one may not do so between Az Yashir and Yishtabach. [Michaber ibid]
[6] Admur ibid; Michaber ibid
The reason: As it is permitted to make an interval in that area for the sake of a Mitzvah, as explained in 54/3 [ibid]
[7] Chayeh Adam 20, brought in Ketzos Hashulchan 18 footnote 23; Birchas Habayis 33/5; Hefsek Betefila 5/2-5 [p. 86]; See Admur 66/3
[8] 66/3 and 11; Rama 66/2; Rabbeinu Yonah Brachos 15a; Rosh Brachos 2/10
Other opinions in Admur: Some Poskim [Michaber 66/2; Shivlei Haleket 15] rule one may wear the Tallis with a blessing between the Perakim. Other Poskim [Rabbeinu Yonah Brachos 15a; Rosh Brachos 2/10] however rule that only Tefillin may be worn with a blessing between the Perakim, however Tzitzis may not be worn with a blessing, for the reason explained below. Practically, one is to follow the latter opinion. [Admur 66/3; Rama ibid]
Other Poskim: Some Poskim rule one is to wear the Tallis with a blessing. [Michaber 66/2; Shivlei Haleket 15]
[9] 66/3
[10] 66/11
[11] The reason one may not recite a blessing: Although by Tefillin a blessing may be recited, this is because Tefillin is an obligation to wear for Shema and Shemoneh Esrei in order to accept the complete yoke of Heaven. However Tzitzis is not an obligation of the body, as if one is not wearing a Tallis he is notobligated in Tzitzis, and he can read Shema without being false testimony, being he is not wearing a Tallis that is obligated in Tzitzis. Therefore it is forbidden for him to make an interval wth its blessing even between the Perakim of Shema and its Brachos, and rather he is to wear it without a blessing. [Admur 66/3]
[12] The reason: As in the middle of the Parshiyos of Shema it is permitted to even stop to do Melacha, with exception to the first paragraph, as explained in 63/8. [ibid]
[13] 66/11
[14] The reason: As even putting the Tallis without a blessing is considered an interval during Shemoneh Esrei, as explained in 97/4, and the same applies between Geula and Tefila, being that the Tallis does not have such a need for the Tefila. The reason why Tefillin is allowed to be placed even between Geula and Tefila is because Tefillin is an obligation to wear during Davening in order to accept the complete yoak of heaven. However Tzitzis is not an obligation of the body to wear unless one is wearing a Tallis that is obligated in Tzitzis. [ibid]
[15] 53/3; Rama 53/3
[16] The reason: One cannot make the Chazan delay the blessing until after Yishtabach, as he needs to recite the Kaddish immediately after Yishtabach and cannot make an interval in between. [ibid]
[17] Ketzos Hashulchan 18/6
[18] Admur 53/3 and Michaber 53/3 regarding a Tallis [between Az Yahsir and Yishtabach] and the Elya Raba and M”B 53/6 rules the same applies regarding Tefillin; Ketzos Hashulchan 18/6
[19] Ketzos Hashulchan 18 footnote 23 based on the wording in Admur here “As it is forbidden to make an interval between Baruch Sheamar and Yishtabach”;
[20] So rules regarding Tallis: Admur ibid; Chayeh Adam 20/3; Gloss of Rav Akiva Eiger ibid; Kitzur SHU”A 14/8; Kaf Hachaim 53/7
The reason: As it is forbidden to make an interval between Baruch Sheamar and Yishtabach even if it is for the sake of a Mitzvah, as explained in 51/4. [ibid] Now although it is permitted to wear Tefillin with a blessing even in the middle of Birchas Shema [see 66/3 and 11], nevertheless this is because it is an obligation to read Shema and Daven Shemoneh Esrei wearing Tefillin. However there is no obligation to say Pesukei Dezimra wearing Tefillin, and hence one must delay the blessing until after Yishtabach. [Ketzos Hashulchan ibid footnote 24; Kaf Hachaim 53/7]
Other opinions: Some Poskim rule one may put on the Tefillin with a blessing even in middle of the Perek, and certainly between the Perakim in Pesukei Dezimra. [Birkeiy Yosef 53/4; Magen Giborim based on Teshuvas Harambam 147; M”B 53/6; Yabia Omer 9/82] However even according to them one may not do so between Az Yashir and Yishtabach. [Michaber ibid]
[21] The reason: As it is permitted to make an interval in that area for the sake of a Mitzvah, as explained in 54/3 [ibid]
[22] Piskeiy Teshuvos 53 footnote 14; See Admur 66/3; Michaber 66/2
Other opinions: Some Poskim rule that in the event that one had Tefillin beforehand and simply forgot to wear them, them, it is forbidden to put them on during Pesukei Dezimra, or even between Yishtabach and Barchu, even without a blessing. [M”B 53/7]
[23] Chayeh Adam 20, brought in Ketzos Hashulchan ibid; Hefsek Betefila 5/2-5 [p. 86]; See Admur 66/11 in first opinion
[24] 66/3
[25] 66/11
[26] 66/7
[27] Admur 66/3; Ketzos Hashulchan 19/4 in name of Derech Hachaim and implication of Admur 66/11, Vetzaruch Iyun as to why the Ketzos Hashulchan omitted 66/3 in which Admur explicitly mentions this ruling
The reason: As Tefillin is an obligation to wear for Shema and Shemoneh Esrei in order to accept the complete yoke of Heaven. [66/3 and 11]
[28] Siddur Admur; second and main opinion in 66/11
The reason: As one is required to recite every part of Shema with his Tefillin, and hence one cannot wait until between the Perkaim. [Ketzos Hashulchan 18 footnote 12]
Other opinions in Admur: In 66/11 Admur records a dispute in this matter. Some Poskim [Ram Mekotzi Tosafus Brachos 14b; Kuntrus Achron 66/2] rule one may only place the Tefillin on with a blessing between the Perakim. Thus from Vayomer and onwards one is to wear the Tefillin without a blessing and then after Shemoneh Esrei he is to touch the Tefillin and say a blessing. Other Poskim [Tur; Hagahos Maimanis; Kuntrus Achron 66/3] however rule one may say a blessing even in middle of the Perek. Practically Admur concludes that one is to follow the latter opinion. [ibid]
[29] 66/11; Siddur Admur; Rama 66/8
The reason: As it has the same law as the Shemoneh Esrei itself. Even regarding answering Kaddish or Kedusha, which is a Mitzvah Overes [is forbidden between Goal Yisrael and Shemoneh Esrei]. Thus certainly one may not recite a blessing over the Tefillin which can technically be recited afterwards. Practcially, this is the custom that one is to follow. [ibid]
[30] Siddur Admur; Implication of 66/11; Rama 66/8
The reason: Although even putting the Tallis without a blessing is considered an interval between Geula and Tefila, being that the Tallis does not have such a need for the Tefila nevertheless it is permitted to put on Tefillin between Geula and Tefila because Tefillin is an obligation to wear during Davening in order to accept the complete yoke of heaven. However Tzitzis is not an obligation of the body to wear unless one is wearing a Tallis that is obligated in Tzitzis. [66/11]
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