Owning Property:[1] A Peruzbal is only valid if the borrower possesses some[2] piece of land or an object connected to land.[3] It is valid even if the borrower does not actually own the land but possesses it through renting, or borrowing it even temporarily [during the time that the lender […]
In today’s times
In today’s times must one perform a Peruzbal in order to request the payment of loans after Shemitah?[1] The widespread custom today [i.e. times of Rosh/Michaber/Admur] in these provinces is not to perform a Peruzbal and nevertheless allow one to demand the paying back of a loan even after […]
The Peruzbal process
The Peruzbal process:[1] Before the Shemitah year begins the lender is to gather a valid court of three Kosher Jews [see Halacha 6] and state to them “I hereby hand to you all the debts that are owed to me [and through doing so] I should be allowed to […]
What is a Peruzbal
What is a Peruzbal?[1] The Peruzbal is a process instituted by the Sages [for times when Shemitah is only Rabbinical[2]] which allows a loan to stay in effect even after the Shemitah year, and thus allows one to demand the debt to be paid back.[3] [The word Peruzbal means institution […]
Obligation
The Biblical and Rabbinical obligation:[1] [Biblically the command to annul loans during Shemitah only applies during times that the Yovel cycle is in practice[2], which is when all the tribes are living in Eretz Yisrael.[3]] In today’s times [however] the laws of Shemitas Kesafim [abolishing debts] during the year of […]
Introduction
Introduction: The Torah [Re’e 15:2] commands us that at the end of the seventh year cycle one must annul all loans that he is owed by other Jews. It is thus forbidden for the lender to ask for the loan to be paid back. The Peruzbal is a process […]
Answering Amen through a telephone, radio, live hookup
May one answer Amen, Kaddish, Kedusha through a Telephone, radio, live video/audio internet hookup?[1] Some Poskim[2] rule one is not to answer Amen or Kedusha in such circumstances.[3] Other Poskim[4] rule one is to answer Amen and for Kaddish/Kedusha.[5] Practically, one may be lenient in this matter.[6] [If however there […]
Answering Amen to a blessing heard through a microphone
May one answer Amen, Kaddish or Kedusha through a microphone? Kaddish and Kedusha: One may answer Amen to Kaddish and answer Kedusha even if he does not hear the natural voice of the Chazan and only hears it through a microphone system.[1] Nevertheless, there must be at least a Minyan […]
Answering Amen to a blessing that you did not hear
Answering Amen to a blessing that one did not hear or does not know its identity:[1] It is forbidden to answer an Amen Yesoma. An Amen Yesoma is considered an Amen to a blessing that one did not hear. This however is limited to only certain cases and it is […]
How to answer Amen for a blessing
How to answer Amen:[1] Answering Amen to a blessing contains a number of laws and restrictions. The proper answering of Amen is so severe that Ben Azaiy states in the Talmud that on one’s form of answer is dependent the longevity of his life.[2] These laws apply towards Amen after […]
