Should one Add Water to the Oil Candles of the Chanukah Menorah?
Question:
I grew up with the tradition of placing water in the oil candles of the Chanukah Menorah before lighting them. Is this something I am required to do? Is it proper to place water in oil candles?
Answer:
While this practice is not mandatory and is not commonly observed, there is a recorded tradition of adding water to oil candles. Those who maintain this custom are encouraged to continue adhering to their established practice. There is no issue with doing so even on Erev Shabbos.
Explanation:
Classical Halachic literature contains no documented obligation or recommendation concerning the addition of water to oil candles. However, the Yafei Laleiv notes a custom of adding water to the oil of the Chanukah Menorah. The reason for this is because oil is viewed as symbolic of the Jewish people and water represents the nations of the world within Jewish tradition. By placing oil on top of water and lighting it, the flame highlights the miracle of Bnei Yisrael prevailing over the nations. This practice serves as a meaningful reminder of spiritual triumph and divine providence. This is also the tradition of Belz, to add some water to the oil. Additionally, placing water beneath the oil helps to protect the glass from overheating and cracking while also making cleanup easier, since the oil floats on top of the water and any residue can be rinsed away more smoothly.
Sources:
Yifei Laleiv 2:2 “And how good it is to light these candles as is customary in most synagogues, where they place water and oil above to signify the miracle that occurred. This hints that Israel, who is compared to oil, has prevailed over the nations, who are likened to water.”; Kaf Hachaim 671:32; Or Hatzafon Belza 66 p. 28
See regarding allowance to do so even Erev Shabbos: Admur 265:9; Michaber 265:4; M”A 265:9; Tosafus Shabbos 47a; Ran end of Perk Kirah
