Daily Tanya Sunday 3rd Kisleiv Kuntrus Achron 4: The Roots and Purpose of the 613 Mitzvahs

3rd Kisleiv

Title: The Roots and Purpose of the 613 Mitzvahs

The following section delves into the profound spiritual roots and broader purpose of the 613 Mitzvahs—commandments that form the heart of Jewish practice. Drawing from Kabbalistic sources, this exploration reveals how each commandment is not merely a set of ritual obligations, but rather a conduit for Divine energy, designed to refine both the individual and the world itself. The discussion highlights the inner structure of the Mitzvahs, their origin in the highest spiritual realms, and their transformative power within the physical realm. By tracing the flow of Divine light from its supernal source down to practical action, this selection uncovers the deeper meaning behind observance and the unique importance of Mitzvahs performed in the Land of Israel. Through this lens, the Mitzvahs emerge as essential pathways for drawing spiritual vitality into every aspect of creation and fulfilling the ultimate purpose of existence.

  1. Positive and Negative Commandments
  • 248 Positive Mitzvahs: Rooted in the Five Attributes of Kindness of Ze’ir Anpin (za) in Atzilut.
    • Each positive command acts as a vessel to receive Divine kindness and draw forth light.
  • 365 Negative Mitzvahs: Rooted in the Five Attributes of Severity of za.
    • These restrain and channel Divine energy through awe and discipline.

  1. The Lavnunit – Source of All Paths
  • All 613 Mitzvahs derive from one pristine source: the Lavnunit, the pure “whiteness” of the supernal Keter.
  • This represents supreme delight and desire to draw Infinite Light downward into the 248 “organs” of za.
  • From this source, the light divides into 613 streams, each corresponding to a specific mitzvah.

  1. How the Light Flows
  • Through Mitzvahs of kindness (e.g., charity), light is drawn into the external vessel of Chesed of za.
  • Through Mitzvahs of severity, light flows into the external vessel of Gevurah, tempered by mercy.
  • The passage of light into external vessels occurs via the internal vessels and intellects, which in human service correspond to awe and love—either intellectually generated or innate.

  1. Why Moshe Yearned for Land-Dependent Mitzvahs
  • Practical Mitzvahs tied to the Land of Israel are the ultimate purpose of creation.
  • They enable the Infinite Light to descend through the entire chain of Hishtalshelut (progressive contractions) into the physical world.
  • This refines the vessels of za in Beriah, Yetzirah, and Asiyah, where the 288 sparks of Tohu reside.
  • Refinement occurs only through Torah study and Mitzvahs requiring physical action in these worlds.

Key Insight

The Mitzvahs are not isolated rituals—they are channels for Infinite Light, rooted in Keter and expressed through the attributes of kindness and severity. Their ultimate goal is to rectify and refine creation, drawing Divine vitality into every level of existence until the physical world itself becomes a dwelling for the Infinite.

SectionDescription
Positive Commandments248 Positive Mitzvahs rooted in Five Attributes of Kindness of Zeir Anpin (za) in Atzilut; each acts as vessel to receive Divine kindness and draw forth light
Negative Commandments365 Negative Mitzvahs rooted in Five Attributes of Severity of za; restrain and channel Divine energy through awe and discipline
The LavnunitAll 613 Mitzvahs derive from the Lavnunit, whiteness of supernal Keter; supreme delight and desire to draw Infinite Light into 248 organs of za; light divides into 613 streams, each for a specific mitzvah
Flow of LightKindness Mitzvahs (e.g., charity) draw light into Chesed of za; Severity Mitzvahs flow into Gevurah, tempered by mercy; passage occurs via internal vessels and intellects, corresponding to awe and love (intellectual or innate)
Land-Dependent MitzvahsPractical Mitzvahs in Land of Israel are ultimate purpose of creation; enable Infinite Light to descend through Hishtalshelut into physical world; refines vessels of za in Beriah, Yetzirah, Asiyah, where 288 sparks of Tohu reside; refinement through Torah study and Mitzvahs with physical action

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