Hearing at least 10 Kaddeishim daily

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Hearing at least 10 Kaddeishim daily:

A. The law and custom:[1]

The obligatory seven daily Kadeishim upon the Minyan:[2] The Sages instituted to recite at least seven Kadeishim per day, corresponding to the verse[3], “Sheva Bayom Hilalticha/seven in a day I will praise you.” These seven Kadeishim are an actual obligation upon a congregation when Davening with a Minyan, while the remaining Kadeishim are simply said due to custom.

Hearing ten Kadeishim per day:[4] Despite this, [based on the Zohar] it is proper for every individual to be careful to answer [Amen] to at least 10 Kadeishim daily.[5] [The novelty of this ruling is that although the sages only instituted for seven Kadeishim to be recited per day and placed the obligation only upon the congregation and not the individual, nonetheless, based on Kabbalah it is proper for every individual to try to hear 10 Kadeishim per day.]

B. The number of Kadeishim in each prayer:

In Shacharis, by Chabad Minyanim, there is a total of nine Kaddeishim on days without Kerias Hatorah, and ten Kaddeishim on a day with Kerias Hatorah. Although some of these Kaddeishim are designated to be said by mourners, and are known as Kaddish Yasom, nonetheless, due to the above need to hear 10 Kaddeishim a day, they should be said by anyone whose parents are not alive even though they are not a Yasom/Chiyuv.[6] In Mincha, by Chabad Minyanim with an Avel, there is a total of four Kaddeishim. In Maariv, by Chabad Minyanim with an Avel, there is a total of five Kaddeishim.

The Kaddeishim in Shacharis:

  1. Before Hodu
  2. After Yishtabach[7] [part of obligatory seven]
  3. After Tachanun/Shemoneh Esrei[8] [part of obligatory seven]
  4. After Kerias Hatorah on Mondays and Thursdays
  5. After Uva Letziyon[9] [part of obligatory seven]
  6. After Shir Shel Yom [Kaddish Yasom]
  7. After Ein Kelokeinu
  8. After Aleinu [Kaddish Yasom]
  9. After Tehillim [Kaddish Yasom]
  10. After Mishnayos

The Kaddeishim in Mincha:

  1. After Ashreiy[10] [part of obligatory seven]
  2. After Tachanun/Shemoneh Esrei[11] [part of obligatory seven]
  3. After Aleinu [Kaddish Yasom]
  4. After Mishnayos

The Kaddeishim in Maariv:

  1. Before Maariv
  2. Before Shemoneh Esrei[12] [part of obligatory seven]
  3. After Shemoneh Esrei[13] [part of obligatory seven]
  4. After Aleinu [Kaddish Yasom]
  5. After Mishnayos
 

Q&A

What to do if missing Kadeishim, such as if no Avel, or came late to Minyan:[14]

In such a case one is to join other Minyanim for the sake of hearing a total of ten Kaddeishim.

Do the Kadeishim of Maariv count for the days ten Kadeishim or the next days?[15]

The Kaddeishim of Maariv count as part of that days ten Kadeishim. In this regard, the night is the end of that day, and is not the start of the next day.

 

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[1] See Admur 55:1

[2] Admur 55:1; Iggur 94; Shibulei Haleket 8 in name of Geonim; Beis Yosef 55; Perisha 55:1; Kaf Hachaim 55:1

[3] Tehillim 119:164

[4] Admur 55:1; Tikkunei Zohar 33a; Reishis Chochmah Shaar Hakedusha 17; Igros Kodesh 10:302; 14:188; Piskeiy Teshuvos 46:7

[5] The reason: As this is part of the acronym of Tzadik, 90 Amenin, 4 Kedushos, 10 Kaddeishim, and 100 blessings. [Reishis Chochmah ibid]

[6] See Rama 132:2, Y.D. 376:4; Igros Kodesh 10:302

[7] Admur ibid; Michaber 55:1

[8] Admur ibid; Tur 131:1; Siddur Rav Amram

[9] Admur ibid; Tur 132:1; Siddur Rav Amram; Levush 132:2

[10] Admur ibid; Tur 234:1; Siddur Rav Amram; Levush 234:2

[11] Admur ibid; Tur 234:1; Siddur Rav Amram; Levush 234:2

[12] Admur ibid; Tur 236:2; Siddur Rav Amram; Levush 236:2

[13] Admur ibid; Tur 237:2; Siddur Rav Amram; Levush 236:2

[14] See Igros Kodesh 10:303

[15] Implication of Admur ibid who lists the Maariv Kadeishim as the last part of the seven daily Kadeishim; Unlike the ruling by Meiah Brachos that the night is the start of the next days count [see Admur 46:1]

About The Author

Rabbi Yaakov Goldstein is a 6th generation descendent of the famous Chief Rabbi of Izhmir, Rav Yehoshua Avraham Krispin, who authored a number of Sefarim, and was a colleague of Rav Chaim Falagi, and father in-law of the Pesach Hadvir. He currently lives with his wife Shayna, and twelve children K”H, in Tzfas, Israel. Rabbi Goldstein received Semicha from Rabbi Schneur Zalman Labkowski of the Tomchei Temimim headquarters in 2005 and served as a chaplain in the Lotar/Kalatz and K9 unit of the IDF from years 2005-2008. He is also a certified Shochet, and has performed Hashgacha work in slaughterhouses. Rabbi Goldstein is the director of Shulchanaruchharav.com, the world’s leading web-based Halacha database, and is the director of the Home Study Semicha Program, a self-study web-based Semicha program. He is a prolific author of over 50 Sefarim studied by a wide range of readers throughout the world, which is used regularly in Semicha programs around the globe. He is a world renowned Posek, answering questions to a web-based market, and serves as a local Posek, Rav, and Lecturer, in the Tzemach Tzedek community Shul in Tzefas, Israel. His many classes can be heard both from his website, Vimeo and YouTube channel. Students can join live to classes given in the Tzemach Tzedek Shul, through the “בית חבד צפת Chabad Tsfat” YouTube channel.

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