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2. Who is the Taharah done to? [1]
The Taharah process is performed to all Jews who have deceased, whether male or female, observant or non-observant. This is with exception to a murder victim, woman who died in childbirth, or one who died an unnatural death, as will be explained in Halachos 10-13 the details of when the Taharah is not done in such cases.
A Nefel:[2] A Nefel [i.e. still born, or baby who died within thirty days[3]] receives a regular Taharah, including the placing of earth on the eyes.[4] However, some communities are accustomed not to perform Taharah on a Nefel. The burial garments, known as Tachrichin, are not garbed on a Nefel. He is simply wrapped in a white sheet.[5]
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[1] One who did not have Taharah done to them: See Igros Kodesh 4:120, printed in Shulchan Menachem 5:261, regarding parents who did not have Taharah done to them, and that as a Tikkun, the sons should donate charity on behalf of two Kosher Jews who are deceased and then visit them by their grave and ask them to tell their parents that they ask for forgiveness for them not having a Taharah done to them.
[2] Nitei Gavriel 135:11
[3] See Chapter 10 Halacha 1!
[4] Gesher Hachaim p. 117
[5] Nitei Gavriel 135:12